Is This the End of Cost-Type Contracting? What Federal Contractors Should Know About a New Executive Order Making Fixed-Price Contracts the “Default”

Stephanie M. Harden, Dominique L. Casimir, Elizabeth N. Jochum, and Sara N. Gerber

On April 30, 2026, President Trump signed another executive order (“EO”) that may significantly impact how the government buys goods and services. The target: cost-reimbursement contracts, which let contractors bill the government for their “allowable, allocable, and reasonable” costs incurred, plus some pre-established or earnable profit. According to the EO, in Fiscal Year (“FY”) 2024, the government spent roughly $120 billion on cost-reimbursement consulting contracts. The EO seeks to significantly reduce that figure by making fixed-price contracts the default for federal procurement—meaning prices are locked in up front and contractors, not taxpayers, bear the risk of overruns.

What does the executive order require agencies to do?

Agencies that want to use structures other than fixed-price will begin to face real hurdles as agencies implement the EO’s directives. Nearly every exception from the “default” fixed-price model will require the contracting officer to provide written justification not just to someone senior within the contracting authority, but to the head of the relevant agency, and bigger-ticket exceptions—at thresholds of $100 million (Department of Defense (“DoD”)), $35 million (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), $25 million (Department of Homeland Security), and $10 million (everyone else)—need the agency head’s sign-off, not just notification.

Continue reading “Is This the End of Cost-Type Contracting? What Federal Contractors Should Know About a New Executive Order Making Fixed-Price Contracts the “Default””

New Suit Seeks to Enjoin EO 14398: Implications for Government Contractors

Dominique L. Casimir and Shane M. Hannon ●

Less than one month after the issuance of Executive Order 14398 (“EO 14398”), “Addressing DEI Discrimination by Federal Contractors,” a coalition of academic and contractor organizations has filed a lawsuit in federal court seeking to have it enjoined. See National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education v. Trump, No. 8:26-cv-01532 (D. Md. filed Apr. 20, 2026). Here is what government contractors need to know.

As we have previously covered, EO 14398 is a critical new development for government contractors. It introduces a new concept of “racially discriminatory DEI activities,” defined as “disparate treatment based on race or ethnicity in the recruitment, employment (e.g., hiring, promotions), contracting (e.g., vendor agreements), program participation, or allocation or deployment of an entity’s resources.”

The plaintiff organizations are challenging EO 14398 on three grounds.

Continue reading “New Suit Seeks to Enjoin EO 14398: Implications for Government Contractors”

An Overview of the New DEI Executive Order: Scope and Limitations

Dominique L. Casimir

On March 26, 2026, President Trump signed Executive Order 14398 (“EO 14398”) titled Addressing DEI Discrimination by Federal Contractors, taking aim at the diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) practices of federal contractors. EO 14398 ventures into territory already covered by the President’s prior DEI-related executive orders (“EOs”), in particular EO 14173, which requires a contractor certification regarding “illegal DEI,” but goes further. It directs federal agencies to include a mandatory contract clause prohibiting “racially discriminatory DEI activities” in all covered contracts and subcontracts, requires prime contractors to police the DEI practices of subcontractors at every tier, imposes new reporting requirements, and threatens a panoply of consequences for noncompliance, including contract termination, False Claims Act (“FCA”) exposure, and suspension and debarment. Like EO 14173, it also requires the government to “identify economic sectors that pose a particular risk of entities engaging in racially discriminatory DEI,” signaling the Administration’s ongoing desire to stamp out DEI. The accompanying White House Fact Sheet declares that the EO will ensure “merit-based and efficient contracting and employment.”

EO 14398 is likely to be challenged in court on a variety of theories, similar to the ongoing wave of EO 14173 litigation. Contractors will almost certainly question the EO’s scope and the ambiguity in its key terminology, as well as its enforcement assumptions.

To read the full alert, please visit our website.

Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting—What Does the New EO Mean for Contractors?

Scott Arnold 

President Trump issued an Executive Order (“EO”) on January 7, 2025, that seeks improved performance of defense contracts and enhanced contractor investments in production capacity through measures that would impose limits on executive compensation when contractor performance or investment levels are deemed inadequate. The EO, Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting, appears predicated on the belief that “after years of misplaced priorities, traditional defense contractors have been incentivized to prioritize investor returns over the Nations’s warfighters.” To address this, the EO states that “[m]ajor defense contractors will no longer conduct stock buy-backs or issue dividends at the expense of accelerated procurement and increased production capacity.” While the desire to improve defense contract performance is understandable, the attempt to do so through regulation of executive compensation is unprecedented.

What Does the EO Require?

The EO sets forth two key mechanisms through which the new priorities will be implemented.

Continue reading “Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting—What Does the New EO Mean for Contractors?”

Rescission of Regulations Without Notice and Comment? What’s Next for Regulated Industries in the Deregulation Climate

Dominique L. Casimir and Christina Manfredi McKinley

We previously wrote about President Trump’s February Executive Order identifying deregulation as a top administration priority (here and here). That Executive Order, 14219 (the “Deregulation EO”), directed all executive departments and agencies to identify regulations falling within certain enumerated categories of regulations. More recently, on April 9, 2025, the President issued a memorandum providing further direction to executive departments and agencies regarding implementation of the Deregulation EO (available here). This memorandum addresses how the President envisions that Executive Branch agencies will go about rescinding regulations. And—spoiler alert—the vision for rescinding regulations is a departure from the typical notice-and-comment process. 

The Specifics

Emphasizing adherence to recent Supreme Court decisions and the use of the “good cause” exception in the Administrative Procedure Act for expedited rulemaking (that is, rulemaking/rescission without the constraints of notice and comment), the memorandum instructs agencies, first, as part of the review-and-repeal efforts required by the Deregulation EO, to assess each existing regulation’s lawfulness under the following United States Supreme Court decisions:

  1. Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, 603 U.S. 369 (2024);
  2. West Virginia v. EPA, 597 U.S. 697 (2022);
  3. SEC v. Jarkesy, 603 U.S. 109 (2024);
  4. Michigan v. EPA, 576 U.S. 743 (2015);
  5. Sackett v. EPA, 598 U.S. 651 (2023);
  6. Ohio v. EPA, 603 U.S. 279 (2024);
  7. Cedar Point Nursery v. Hassid, 594 U.S. 139 (2021);
  8. Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, 600 U.S. 181 (2023);
  9. Carson v. Makin, 596 U.S. 767 (2022); and
  10. Roman Cath. Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo, 592 U.S. 14 (2020). 

Read the full client alert on our website.

All-Points Bulletin for Defense Contractors: If You’re 15% Behind Schedule or 15% Over Budget, You Need a Strategy

Dominique L. Casimir ●

On April 9, 2025, President Trump signed an Executive Order (“EO”) titled Modernizing Defense Acquisitions and Spurring Innovation in the Defense Industrial Base. This EO seeks to overhaul many aspects of defense acquisition in order to enhance the military capabilities and streamline the Department of Defense’s (“DOD”) procurement processes. While every presidential administration seeks to streamline and facilitate defense procurement, this EO contains noteworthy approaches that defense contractors should be aware of. For instance, the EO suggests that the government has an appetite for “risk” when it comes to DOD procurements: “We will also modernize the duties and composition of the defense acquisition workforce, as well as incentivize and reward risk-taking and innovation from these personnel.”

Continue reading “All-Points Bulletin for Defense Contractors: If You’re 15% Behind Schedule or 15% Over Budget, You Need a Strategy”

Five Practical Tips for Government Contractors Navigating the Executive Order Chaos

Merle M. DeLancey, Jr. ●

Federal government contractors are living in a climate of uncertainty. Executive orders affecting government contracts are being issued at a rapid pace. The executive orders tend to be broad and high-level with regulatory guidance to follow. This is not abnormal. However, the sheer number of executive orders and the magnitude of the regulatory changes they seek to impose is a new phenomenon. Contractors are left to determine what they should be doing, if anything, and when. Set forth below are practical suggestions for contractors to consider during this unsettling time.[1]

  1. Communicate with your Contracting Officer

During the chaos, it is important to communicate with your contracting officer. Only contracting officers are authorized to modify contracts. Do not blindly accept direction from contract specialists or others who purport to be speaking on behalf of the government. Direction received from anyone other than a contracting officer should be immediately relayed to your contracting officer with a request for clarification or guidance. 

Also, be prepared for unclear responses from your contracting officer. Like you, contracting officers also are living through this chaos. They may not have received clear direction to pass on to contractors. Aim to keep your communications with your contracting officer respectful. 

  1. Executive Orders are not Contract Modifications

Remember that executive orders are not contract modifications. Contractors should not change their contract performance or their compliance with, for example, socioeconomic programs unless or until a contract modification signed by a contracting officer. This may be difficult for contractors when they think they can see the writing on the wall. But regulatory and policy changes can occur and, thus, even well-intentioned contractors might make changes they did not need to make or that are different from what is required from a formal contract modification.

  1. Continue Contract Performance

Along the same lines, contractors need to continue contract performance in accordance with the four corners of the contract unless or until a contract is modified. Failure to do so could be considered breach of contract. With the plethora of contract terminations being reported, contractors should not put themselves in the crosshairs by failing to comply with the terms and conditions of their contract, thereby giving the government a basis to terminate for default.  And remember, if you believe the government has breached or improperly changed a contract, a contractor is required to continue performance and seek relief in accordance with the FAR Disputes clause.

  1. Communicate with your Subcontractors

Just as a prime contractor craves concrete guidance from a contracting officer regarding what to do, subcontractors also need guidance and oftentimes more so, because they are unable to communicate directly with the government. Thus, a good practice for prime contractors is to pass along any guidance received from a contracting officer to its subcontractors. Prime contractors also should remind their subcontractors about their obligations to continue contract performance.

  1. Prepare to Defend Your Contract

Contractors also should be prepared to explain the importance of their contracts to the government. To be proactive, contractors should draft narratives explaining the importance of their work and how their performance exceeds contract requirements. Contracts that are considered to “add value” are less likely to be found on the so-called “chopping block.” If appropriate, a contractor should consider including recommendations, for example, regarding how its work can be performed more effectively or efficiently. 

We hope this practical advice will help you navigate the government contracting chaos until the dust settles. 


[1] See our previous related blog posts: Understanding President Trump’s Executive Orders on DEI: Implications for Federal ContractorsWhat Contractors Facing Terminations, Stop-Work Orders, and Suspension of Work Orders Directed by the Trump Administration Need to Know;  Fixed Price Contracts: Government Contractors Beware;  What GSA Contractors Need to Know About the New FAR Deviation for Revoked Executive Order 11246, Equal Employment Opportunity;  Preliminary Injunction Granted Related to DEI-Related Executive Orders—Takeaways for Government Contractors;  President Trump Signs New Executive Order: “Implementing the President’s ‘Department of Government Efficiency’ Cost Efficiency Initiative”—What Federal Contractors Need to Know.


Today’s General Counsel referenced this post in an article on March 17, 2025. Read the article here: Risk Management for Federal Contractors During Regulatory Changes.

ABA Section of Public Contract Law’s Roundtable on Impact of New Administration on Government Contracting

February 26, 2025
2:00–4:00 p.m.
McLean, Virginia

Blank Rome partner Jennifer Short will serve as a panelist at the American Bar Association (“ABA”) Section of Public Contract Law’s “Roundtable on Impact of New Administration on Government Contracting,” taking place in McLean, Virginia, on Wednesday, February 26, 2025, from 2:00 to 4:00 p.m., with a light reception to follow. A virtual participation option will be available.

ABOUT THE PROGRAM

The panel will discuss the impact of the new administration on government contracting, including the President’s Executive Orders regarding DEI and how to respond to them; stop works, terminations, and other contract actions and what contractors can be doing in light of them; and the legal issues surrounding a decision by the Executive Office not to spend appropriated funds.

Panelists:

  • Facilitator: Jeff Chiow, Greenberg Traurig LLP
  • Jayna Marie Rust, Thompson Coburn LLP
  • Jennifer Short, Blank Rome LLP

For more information, please visit the registration page.

Preliminary Injunction Granted Related to DEI-Related Executive Orders—Takeaways for Government Contractors

Dominique L. Casimir ●

In the four weeks since President Trump issued Executive Order (“EO”) 14151 (“Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing”) and EO 14173 (“Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity”), virtually all sectors of American society have been scrambling to understand their compliance obligations and seeking to reduce legal risk. Businesses have taken a range of approaches, from preparing to defend their diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) commitments to removing public-facing references to DEI. Some government contractors have received DEI-related certifications required by EO 14173, which implicate enforcement under the False Claims Act (“FCA”).

In a significant new development, on February 21, 2025, the United States District Court for the District of Maryland issued a nationwide preliminary injunction against both EO 14151 and EO 14173. Here’s what federal contractors need to know.

Continue reading “Preliminary Injunction Granted Related to DEI-Related Executive Orders—Takeaways for Government Contractors”

What GSA Contractors Need to Know About the New FAR Deviation for Revoked Executive Order 11246, Equal Employment Opportunity

Dominique L. Casimir and Amanda C. DeLaPerriere 

On February 18, 2025, the General Services Administration (“GSA”) announced that it issued GSA Class Deviation CD-2025-04 (“the GSA Class Deviation”) effective February 15, 2025, to implement Executive Order (“EO”) 14173 titled “Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity,” which, as Blank Rome has previously written about here and here, revoked the landmark 60-year-old EO 11246 titled “Equal Employment Opportunity.”

Continue reading “What GSA Contractors Need to Know About the New FAR Deviation for Revoked Executive Order 11246, Equal Employment Opportunity”
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